Site bound until substitute claimed

Ma Da

The defining feature of Ma Da across tellings is the belief that a drowned soul cannot pass on to its next life until another living person drowns in the same spot to "take its place," a folk concept known as "thế mạng" (substitution of a life), described in phrasings such as "tìm người thế mạng" (find someone to substitute a life).

Strigoi

others describe it more simply as a shambling revenant tied closely to its own grave and village.