Woman
Woman denotes a complex feminine principle linked to moon, earth, water, instinct, nourishment, protection, and destruction; folklore also embeds patriarchal creation anxieties.
Our paraphrase of what the sources say it carries.
At a glance
- Type
- Symbol
- Borne by
- 31 figures
- Traditions
- Slavic folklore (5)Greek mythology (4)Irish folklore (2)Japanese folklore (2) and 18 more
Figures that bear it
A model judged each figure against its own description, one term at a time. Is: the figure is, or is partly, this thing. Bears: it carries the thing or is marked by it. What a figure does is filed under motifs and powers. Open "why" for the sentence the judgement rests on.
- Aisha Qandisha is Moroccan folklore
why
In Moroccan and Amazigh (Berber) folklore, Aisha Qandisha is a shapeshifting jinniya who appears as a beautiful woman but conceals goat or camel hooves beneath her skirts, luring and dominating the men she encounters.
- Baba Yaga is Slavic folklore
why
She can be a helper or a hindrance, a wise woman or a cannibalistic witch.
- Banshee is Irish folklore
why
Often described as a pale woman with long, flowing hair that can be white, gray, or in some accounts, red, she is typically seen wearing a gray cloak over a green dress.
- Berchta is Alpine folklore
why
The ragged Alpine winter woman with one flattened treadle foot, who inspects barns and spinning between Christmas and Twelfth Night.
- Cihuateteo is Aztec mythology
why
The pairing is exact because the Aztecs construed birth as battle — a woman in labor was taking a captive, and a woman who died in the attempt was a warrior slain in the field.
- Cliodna is Irish folklore
why
She is also connected with particular families as a supernatural patron, a role that shades toward the banshee traditions in which a woman of the mounds attaches to a lineage and mourns its deaths.
- Deer Woman is Native American folklore
why
In the folklore of many Plains and Southeastern Native American nations, Deer Woman is a shapeshifting spirit who appears as a beautiful woman with the legs (or hooves) of a deer, luring unfaithful or predatory men to their doom while protecting women and children.
- Echidna is Greek mythology
why
In Greek mythology, Echidna is the "Mother of Monsters," a half-woman, half-serpent drakaina whose unions with Typhon produced the Hydra, Cerberus, the Chimera, and much of the era's monstrous brood.
- Hyldemoer is Danish folklore
why
She is pictured as an old woman residing in or beneath the bush, and the custom surrounding her treats any elder growing near a farmhouse or in a garden as inhabited property rather than free timber, so that using it at all was a matter requiring her consent first.
- Iara is Brazilian folklore
why
In Brazilian folklore, Iara is an Amazonian river siren, often described as half-woman and half-fish, who lures fishermen with her singing voice and drags them beneath the water to their death.
- Kikimora is Slavic folklore
why
She is typically pictured as a small, disheveled old woman with a hunched back and unkempt hair, sometimes with chicken legs or other bird-like features, and in her swamp-dwelling form she is described as living among reeds and marsh grass, luring or misleading travelers.
- Kiyo is Japanese folklore
why
Kiyo is a woman of Japanese Buddhist legend whose love for a priest curdled into vengeance, transforming her into a fire-breathing dragon who destroyed the temple bell he hid beneath.
and 19 more
- Krasue is Thai folklore
why
In Thai folklore, the Krasue is a malevolent spirit that appears as a woman's disembodied floating head trailing its own internal organs beneath it, hunting at night for blood, raw flesh, and carrion.
- La Llorona is Latin American folklore
why
Stemming from Latin American folklore, La Llorona appears as a spectral woman in white, crying for her lost children.
- Lamia is Greek mythology
why
In her monstrous form, Lamia is typically described as part-serpent, sometimes with a woman's head and torso set atop a serpentine lower body, an image that would later feed into related figures such as the empousa and the folkloric use of "lamia" for a snake-woman more broadly.
- Lamiak is Basque folklore
why
These mystical beings are often described as having the upper body of a beautiful woman, while their lower half resembles that of a fish or duck, drawing parallels to mermaids or sirens from other cultures.
- Lilitu is Mesopotamian mythology
why
In Mesopotamian myths, Lilitu is a female demon, resembling a seductive woman.
- Mami Wata is African folklore (general)
why
She is most commonly pictured as a mermaid, with a woman's upper body and a fish's tail, or in some tellings as a snake-charmer, often shown holding or entwined with large serpents; her long, flowing hair and light or fair complexion are recurrent details in visual depictions, particularly in the widely circulated chromolithograph imagery that spread across West Africa from the late 19th and early 20th centuries onward.
- Medusa is Greek mythology
why
Archaic Greek art shows her with a broad grinning face, tusks, a lolling tongue, and a round staring visage meant to ward off evil, a type known as the Gorgoneion; later Classical and Hellenistic art, and especially Ovid, softens her into a beautiful woman with serpentine hair, emphasizing tragedy over grotesquerie.
- Melusine is French folklore
why
In French and broader medieval European folklore, Melusine is a water spirit who is a woman above the waist and a serpent (or serpent-and-fish) below, bound to a marriage vow that forbids her husband from seeing her true form on a fixed day.
- Nephele is Greek mythology
why
Her name is associated with clouds, and later interpreters connect her to a broader pattern in Greek myth of cloud-formed women, most famously the cloud-phantom created by Zeus in the story of Ixion, though sources do not always draw a direct line between that cloud-woman and Athamas's wife Nephele beyond the shared name and association with cloud and mist.
- Pontianak is Malay folklore
why
In Malay and Indonesian folklore, the Pontianak is the vengeful ghost of a woman who died in pregnancy or childbirth.
- Rusalka is Slavic folklore
why
In Slavic folklore, the Rusalka is the restless spirit of a drowned woman who haunts rivers and lakes.
- Salt Woman is Pueblo folklore
why
Salt Woman is a Pueblo deity identified with salt deposits, above all Zuni Salt Lake, whose migration narrative explains the site and the respect owed to it.
- Sedna is Inuit mythology
why
Sedna is most often described as a woman transformed into a being of the deep, her lower body merging into that of a great fish or sea mammal, and her long hair, which she cannot comb herself, drifting loose in the currents around her.
- Sirin is Slavic folklore
why
In Russian folklore, the Sirin is a bird-woman whose ravishingly beautiful song lures travelers into forgetting the world and following her to their death, the dark counterpart to the blissful Alkonost in the classic paired bird-maiden motif.
- Soucouyant is Caribbean folklore
why
By day, the Soucouyant appears as an ordinary old woman, often living on the outskirts of a community.
- Vila is Slavic folklore
why
She is typically described as a beautiful young woman with long, flowing hair, often blonde or wearing a white gown, who dwells in forests, mountains, clouds, or near lakes, springs, and rivers.
- Walutahanga is Solomon Islands folklore
why
Walutahanga is a Solomon Islands serpent-woman with eight heads whose repeated survival of dismemberment culminates in a tidal punishment of those who wronged her, and a gift of water and coconuts to those spared.
- Xtabay is Mayan mythology
why
In Yucatec Maya folklore, Xtabay is a seductive demon spirit who appears as a beautiful woman combing her long hair beneath a ceiba tree at night, luring men to their death.
- Yuki-onna is Japanese folklore
why
In Japanese folklore, Yuki-onna, the "snow woman," is a spirit of winter storms who appears as a beautiful, unearthly pale woman and freezes travelers to death in the snow.